exclusive place that takes in the history of reggae, Bob Marley, is caused not only by the fact that he stood by his sources - primarily it is given Marley by virtue of his unique talent, combining the absolute musical genius with a religious ecstaticism.
anyone who listening to music Marley, should immediately be noted that to understand it without even a cursory acquaintance with the history rastafarianskogo movement is impossible (short History rastafarianstva at the end of the story) can not perceive it as a simple piece of pop culture and listen to religious hymns - namely those of a majority Marley songs - apart from his mystical experience, whose product they were. Simply put, the person introducing the songs of Marley without their context, risk is best If perceived as a singer of another political anarchist in a series of rebellious young 60's - while he was primarily a spiritual leader and a visionary the likes of which even today rock 'n' roll does not know.
Many have tried to explain the fascination of creativity Marley simple statement of his talent. But I think The clue lies in a somewhat different plane: Marley had a rare gift of adequate reproduction is not personal but universal truth, only what makes a religion strikingly balancing writing "hymns" and following a purely aesthetic canons. His music is absolutely earth, but not secular: he was the medium that explains the eternal laws of accessible language. And it is this constant presence of eternity in his work - his strength and charisma.
In addition, he was rewarded with another strange and wonderful rhythmic plastic-gift: the ability to put words to their seats. Try to listen to the song "War" Disk "Rastaman Vibrations" - with the hearing can not grasp that he performs a prose text. This absolute pitch and allowed him to execute any works - as strangers, and their - as they say, the only possible way, and any subsequent attempts to cover versions stumble upon the complete exhaustion of interpretations.
history of pop culture, and perhaps even the modern history does not know more than when a man during his life had glory, such glory Bob Marley - not by the number of fans, but on the seriousness of the relationship. Legend of the whole nation, the identity of the state level and living prophet - not in the figurative sense as, say, Jim Morrison - and live: this was Bob Marley. And it remains to this day. Honors, to give him after his death, comparable to the royal; influence he had on the minds and souls in his lifetime - almost biblical. Despite the fact that his life was short and not full of events, which traditionally are of interest - professional scandals and love adventures. Rather, it was like a mystical feat - although with its own characteristics, due to geography, history and religious philosophy.
Robert Nesta Marley was born February 6, 1945 in a small town in northern Jamaica. His mother was a black eighteen Sedella Booker, his father - a white sailor fifty Norval Marley. Families in the traditional sense, the boy was not - his father is a rare, albeit helped his mother with money.
In the early sixties, the mother and son moved to the capital of Jamaica - Kingston and, like many others like them, settled in Trenchtown. Growing up here, Bob got friends, such as offspring of poor families together, they spent their time listening to the radio that delivers to Jamaica nascent rock 'n' roll. Marley gave school and got a job in a welding shop, and all his free time singing songs, and training the vocal cords. This helped him famous in Kingston singer Joe Higgs, who gave him a few singing lessons in the backyard of the house.
In 1962, Bob and his friends, Bunny Livingston and Peter Tosh, got to play to the local antreprenershe Leslie Kong, who recorded with them in the studio a few tracks. The following year Bob had collected from friends group and named it "The Wailing Wailers" ("receivable mourners). There was no irony - strong tradition of mourning in any Negro culture.
It was a time the popularity of ska, the Jamaican species of New Orleans rhythm & blues, and huge speakers, arranged through the streets of Kingston (reggae adherents claim that it is this way street music making has led to the emergence of raves). Marley and his comrades, who served trendy music, were quickly noticed and over the next five years have been an island famous.
in 1966 was decisive in the fate of Marley. He got married, went to America, where she lived again married, his mother, and making his impression of Babylon, which is considered America Rastaman, he returned to Kingston, where six months before he poby Val His Imperial Majesty Haile Selassie I, the embodiment of the Almighty Jah - God Rastafarian. Rastamanov movement at this point there has been on the rise. And Marley was his voice. So there was reggae.
Until the early 70's The Wailers outside of Jamaica, were virtually unknown. After unsuccessful attempts to enter into a contract with several firms Marley found himself on the verge now famous Island Recrordz. The founder of the studio, Chris Blackwell, initially focused on the dissemination of music of Jamaica and, settling in 1962 in London, popularized in the Old World, Ska, Rock Steady and Reggae, and later the founders of prog-rock Jethro Tull and King Crimson. Well aware of the fame of Marley's homeland, Blackwell offered him an incredible in the history of bands playing reggae, the contract: it was placed on an equal footing with rock bands.
first plate Marley to Island, "Catch a fire", immediately set new standards in pop music: the newspapers wrote about the appearance of a new, absolutely no one else like the style of the new rhythm and melody, combined with unusual religious Protestant theme song. Since then, the group takes on Marley's internationally known. In 1973, invited to speak at the opening act for Sly & The Family Stone, among a group of Performers black American music, The Wailers were soon thrown out of the tour, as the public accepted them warmer than the headliners.
Later three years, Marley has become a real star, and his songs became anthems of the fighters for racial equality. The fact that his words had a very real political weight, says an incident in Kingston on December 5, 1976.
At this time there was a real war in the ghetto, and Marley, whose authority was unquestioned here, decided to give free concert to urge residents to the world. However, the government timed the concert parliamentary elections, scheduled two weeks later.
eve concert at Marley's house raided a few people and opened fire. Marley and the three members of his group were injured, though the concert was not canceled, but only reduced: Marley came on stage and sang a few songs.
the next four years Marley lived alternately in England and America: indeed, as a rule, he was on tour. Group was often in Africa: in 1980 the government of Zimbabwe invited released The Wailers at the ceremony celebrating the Independence Day - Such was the recognition for Marley to Third World countries. Two years earlier, Prime Minister of Jamaica and the leader of local opposition attended his concert; In the same year, the UN gave him a medal in the world.
In 1980, Marley's health deteriorated - even three years ago, playing football, he injured his toe, and he developed a malignant tumor: if he refused the amputation of a finger due to religious beliefs. Now he had to go to the Bavarian clinic, as the disease attack the brain. However, treatment does not work, and in early May 1981, Marley, realizing that he was dying, asked to drive themselves home. But to reach He had no time and died in hospital of Miami May 11, 1981.
day of his funeral, according to eyewitnesses, was the most mournful day in the entire modern history of Jamaica. The country was declared a national mourning. At the ceremony attended by all leaders of the ruling party and opposition. Marley's body was transported to the place of his birth and placed in a mausoleum. He was 36 years old. A month before his death, he was awarded the Order of Merit, the government award in recognition of his outstanding role in the cultural life of the country. Marley left behind a huge number of fans and followers and a large number of songs. But the main thing - he left behind Message-called "free our minds from anger and awaken to life." And, perhaps, only in his case, these erased from the frequent use of words rockers does not seem to be commonplace
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